Izindlela ezi-7 zokuthuthukisa isisindo samaqanda!

Usayizi weamaqandakuthinta intengo yamaqanda. Uma intengo yokuthengisa ibalwa ngenani, amaqanda amancane angcono kakhulu; uma ethengiswa ngesisindo, amaqanda amakhulu kulula ukuwathengisa, kodwa izinga lomonakalo wamaqanda amakhulu liphezulu.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izici ezithinta isisindo seqanda? Nazi ezinye izindlela zokulawula isisindo seqanda ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semakethe.

Yiziphi izinto ezithinta ubukhulu beqanda? Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta isisindo seqanda yilezi:

1. Izakhi zofuzo zohlobo

2. Imikhuba yemvelo

3. Izici zokudla okunempilo

4. Imvelo, Ukuphathwa

5. Izifo kanye nempilo

1. Izakhi zofuzo zohlobo

Into yokuqala ethinta isisindo samaqanda uhlobo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkukhu ezizalelayo zikhiqiza isisindo samaqanda esihlukene, futhi abalimi bangakhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo semakethe.

2. Imikhuba yomzimba

1) Ubudala ekuzalweni kokuqala

Ngokuvamile, uma usuku lokubeka amaqanda lusencane, isisindo seqanda sizokhiqizwa kancane empilweni yonke. Uma lesi simo singathathwa kusengaphambili, ayikho indlela yokusilungisa kamuva. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi isisindo seqanda esimaphakathi sikhuphuka ngegremu eli-1 njalo ekubambezelekeni kwesonto eli-1 ekuqaleni kokukhiqiza. Vele, ukuqala kokukhiqiza akunakubambezeleka unomphela. Ukukhiqizwa sekwephuzile kuzokhulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe.

2) Isisindo sakudala

Isici sesibili esikhulu esithinta isisindo seqanda yisisindo ngaphambi kokubekela kokuqala, okunquma isisindo seqanda esimaphakathi ezigabeni zokuqala zokubekela ngisho nakulo lonke umjikelezo wokubekela.

Izici eziyinhloko ezinquma ubukhulu beqanda usayizi we-yolk kanye nobukhulu beqanda elimhlophe eliphuma esibelethweni, kanti usayizi we-yolk uthintwa kakhulu yisisindo senkukhu ezalayo kanye namandla okusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi, ngakho-ke isisindo sokuvuthwa kobulili singanqunywa. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi yisona sici esiyinhloko ekunqumeni isisindo seqanda.

3) Ubudala bokubeka amaqanda

Uma izinkukhu ezizalelayo zisencane, amaqanda azo aba mancane. Njengoba izinkukhu ezizalelayo zikhula ngobudala, isisindo samaqanda eziwazalelayo naso siyanda.

3. Izici zokudla okunempilo

1) Amandla

Amandla yisona sici esiyinhloko sokudla okunomsoco esilawula isisindo seqanda, futhi amandla anomthelela omkhulu esisindweni seqanda kunamaprotheni ekuqaleni kokubekwa. Ukwandisa kahle izinga lamandla ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nesigaba sokuqala sokubekwa kungenza isisindo somzimba kanye namandla angokomzimba abe anele ekuqaleni kokubekwa, ngaleyo ndlela kungandisa isisindo seqanda esigabeni sokuqala sokubekwa.

2) Amaprotheni

Izinga leprotheyini ekudleni lithinta ubukhulu beqanda kanye nesisindo. Iprotheyini enganele ekudleni ibangela amaqanda amancane. Okuqukethwe kweprotheyini ekudleni kungandiswa uma izinkukhu zinesisindo somzimba esanele futhi zibekela amaqanda amancane.

Esigabeni sokuqala seamaqanda abekela, kuyazuzisa ukwandisa amandla nama-amino acid ngendlela efanele ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugcinwa kwamandla angokwenyama kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu, futhi amaprotheni akukhuthazwa ukuba abe phezulu kakhulu.

3) Ama-amino acid

Kuma-female akhiqiza kakhulu, izinga le-methionine lingathinta kakhulu isisindo seqanda. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo samandla anele, isisindo seqanda sikhuphuka ngokuhambisana nokwanda kwezinga le-methionine yokudla. Okuqukethwe okunganele kanye nesilinganiso esingalingani se-amino acid eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kuzoholela ekwehleni kokukhiqizwa kweqanda kanye nesisindo seqanda. Ukunciphisa ngokungahleliwe inani lama-amino acid angeziwe kuzothinta ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kanye nesisindo seqanda ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isisindo somzimba siyisici esibalulekile esithinta isisindo seqanda esigabeni sokuqala sokuzala, kuyilapho amaprotheni nama-amino acid engenawo umthelela omkhulu esisisindo seqanda esigabeni sokuqala sokuzala.

4) Izakhamzimba ezithile

Ukuntuleka kwevithamini B, i-choline, kanye ne-betaine ekudleni kuzovimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-methionine, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isidingo se-methionine sezinkukhu ezizalela amaqanda. Uma i-methionine inganele ngalesi sikhathi, izothinta nesisindo seqanda.

5) Ama-fatty acid angagcwalisiwe

Ukugcwalisa kabusha ukudla kungathuthukisa ukunambitheka kokudla futhi kukhuthaze ukudla. Ukwengeza amafutha angenawo agcwele kungandisa isisindo samaqanda kanye nesisindo somzimba wenkukhu ebeka amaqanda. Amafutha kabhontshisi yiwona amafutha asobala kakhulu okwandisa isisindo samaqanda. Ehlobo lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ukwengeza amafutha angu-1.5-2% ekudleni kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kanye nesisindo samaqanda.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uma kungekho i-fatty acid eningi, isibindi kumele sisebenzise isitashi ukuze sihlanganise, ngakho-ke uma unganikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-fatty acid ezihambisana nokudla kwezinkukhu ezizalela amaqanda, kuzokwandisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kanye nesisindo samaqanda. Kusiza kakhulu ekugcineni ukusebenza kwesibindi kanye nempilo yesibindi.

6) Ukudla okudliwayo

Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi ukuhlushwa kwezakhamzimba kokudla kuzinzile futhi kuzinzile, lapho ukudla kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo kukhulu, kulapho amaqanda azokhiqizwa khona abe makhulu, futhi lapho ukudla kuncane, kulapho amaqanda ayoba mancane khona.

4 Imvelo Nokuphathwa

1) Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo

Izinga lokushisa linomthelela oqondile kakhulu esisindweni seqanda. Ngokuvamile, isisindo seqanda sincane ehlobo futhi sikhulu ebusika. Uma izinga lokushisa endlini yezinkukhu lidlula ama-27°C, isisindo seqanda sizoncipha ngo-0.8% kukho konke ukwanda okungu-1°C. Uma izinyathelo zingathathwanga kahle, akuzona nje kuphela isisindo seqanda esizothinteka, kodwa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nalo lizoncipha liye emazingeni ahlukahlukene; vele, uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, lizobangela nezinkinga ze-Metabolic, lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kuka-10°C, ngenxa yokwanda kwezidingo zokunakekelwa kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo ngokwazo, iphrotheni izoba yimfucuza noma ibe umthwalo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla, futhi isisindo seqanda sizoncipha. Uma ufuna ukuthola isisindo seqanda esifanele noma iqanda elikhulu, kufanele wenze umsebenzi omuhle ekondleni nasekuphatheni izinkukhu ezizalelayo ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ulawule izinga lokushisa endlini yezinkukhu ku-19-23°C.

2) Ithonya lokukhanya

Ubudala bokuvuthwa ngokobulili kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo ezikhuliswe ngezikhathi ezahlukene buhlukile. Amachwane alethwa kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari wonyaka wesibili athambekele ekuzalweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yesikhathi sokukhanya kwelanga esithatha isikhathi eside esigabeni sokugcina sokukhula; amachwane alethwa kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti athola ukukhanya kwelanga esigabeni sokugcina sokukhula. Isikhathi sifinyezwa kancane kancane, futhi imihlambi kulula ukuyibambezela ukuqala kokukhiqiza. Ukuqala umhlambi kusenesikhathi kakhulu noma sekwephuzile kakhulu kungathinta kakhulu umnotho.

5 Izifo kanye nempilo

1) Izinkukhu ezinamazinga aphansi e-antibody, amasosha omzimba aphansi, ukucindezeleka okungazelelwe noma okuqhubekayo, kanye nezikhathi ezithile zokutheleleka kwesifo noma imiphumela yazo kuzobangela isisindo samaqanda esingajwayelekile;

2) Ukungaphuzi ngokwanele kwamanzi kanye nekhwalithi engeyinhle yamanzi kuzothinta isisindo seqanda.

3) Imithi engafanele izonciphisa nesisindo seqanda.

4) Impilo yomgudu wokugaya ukudla kanye nesibindi izothinta nosayizi weqanda. Lezi zici ezingenempilo zizothinta ukugaya ukudla, ukumuncwa kanye nokuthuthwa kwezakhamzimba, okuzoholela ekushodeni kwezakhamzimba okungaqondile, okuzoholela ekuphambukeni kwesisindo seqanda endaweni okuqondiswe kuyo.

Ngingathuthuka kanjaniisisindo samaqandangemva kokukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo?

1. Qaphela ukondliwa nokuphathwa kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo kusenesikhathi, ukuze isisindo sezinkukhu esigabeni ngasinye sidlule isisindo esijwayelekile, lwela ukufinyelela umkhawulo ophezulu wesisindo esinconywayo, futhi uqinisekise intuthuko enhle yezitho zomzimba okuhlanganisa nohlelo lokuzala. Kubalulekile.

2. Ukwanelisa izidingo zamandla nokulungisa okuqukethwe kweprotheyini yokudla kanye nama-amino acid ngokwezidingo zemakethe kungandisa isisindo seqanda.

3. Ukwengeza i-powder yamafutha e-emulsified ene-fatty acid elinganiselayo kungandisa isisindo seqanda.

4. Lawula uhlelo lokukhanyisa bese ushintsha ubudala bezinsuku zezinkukhu ezizalelayo ukuze ulungise isisindo seqanda esimaphakathi.

5. Naka ukudla okudliwayo bese ulungisa usayizi wezinhlayiya ezichotshozwayo ukuze wandise ukudla okudliwayo, uvimbele ukulahlwa kokudla futhi wandise isisindo seqanda.

6. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ukulungisa izinga lokushisa endlini kuyasiza ekondleni izinkukhu ezizalelayo futhi kungandisaisisindo samaqanda.

7. Lawula ama-mycotoxin, susa izidakamizwa ezingezona ezesayensi, ulondoloze impilo yesibindi namathumbu, futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele zonke izakhamzimba.