Ubuchwepheshe obukhuliswayo kanye nezinga lemishini yamapulazi amakhulu ezinkukhu ezizalelayo kuthuthukisiwe, futhi indlela yokudla ejwayelekile ivame ukusetshenziswa. Izinkukhu ezincane nezinkukhu ezizalelayo zikhuliswa emapulazini ahlukene, futhi kusetshenziswa indlela yokudla ephelele kanye nezinqubo zokugoma zesayensi.
Qaphela ukuzenzekela kokudla kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo, amanzi okuphuza, ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda, ukuqoqwa komquba kanye nokulawulwa kwemvelo, okuthuthukisa izinga lokuvimbela ubhubhane kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
(1)Amakheji enkukhu ebhethri
Amapulazi amakhulu ezinkukhu ezizalelayo kufanele asebenzise amakheji ezinkukhu aqinile, ahlukaniswe ngamakheji ezinkukhu ahlanganisiwe ukuze azalele futhi abeke izinkukhu.
(2) Ukufuya inkukhu ekhejini le-Cascade
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokufukamela nokukhulisa, ukufukamela okuhlanganisiwe kanyeukukhulisa amakheji enkukhuzihlukaniswe ngongqimba lokuzalela kanye nongqimba lokukhulisa. Ikhwalithi kanye nokufana kwezinkukhu ezithatha indawo yizinkinga ezibalulekile, ezizothinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza amaqanda esikhathini esizayo.
Ngakho-ke, lezi zixhumanisi ezilandelayo kufanele ziqondwe ngempumelelo esigabeni sokucabanga:
- Ukufana kokudla.
- Ukusatshalaliswa okusheshayo kokudla.
- Akukho ndle emkhombeni ngaphandle kwekheji.
- Amanzi okuphuza anele futhi ahlanzekile.
- Amakheji ahlukaniswe ngocingo olunezinsika.
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
- Nciphisa ukugcwala kwe-ammonia.
(3) ukucasuka
Isigaba sama-brood sifana nesigaba sokukhulisa, sinombhede wokuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphuphu anendawo evikelekile (ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala zokufukamela). Ukuhlanza kuyashesha futhi kulula. Ukuphakelwa kokudla kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi amaphuphu angadla kalula ukudla okusemgodini wendwangu ngaphandle kwekheji kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, kodwa awakwazi ukuma ekudleni. Ngokulungisa ibha evundlile, usayizi wokuvula kokudla ungalungiswa ngokuya ngobudala benkukhu, futhi umkhawulo wangaphakathi wesigodi sokudla kufanele ufakwe umsebenzi wokuvimbela ukungcola kokudla. Ukuphakelwa kwamanzi okuphuza amaphuphu kusebenzisa umugqa wokuphuza we-nipple, ongalungiswa ngokuya ngobukhulu benkukhu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphakelwa kwamanzi anele kusukela ngosuku lokuqala.
(4) Ukuzalanisa
Ngemva kwamasonto ayi-6 ubudala, ama-pullet ahlukaniswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezigaba zokukhulisa zekheji. Izinkukhu ezizalayo zidla ukudla ngqo kusuka emkhombeni. Ama-pullet angadla evela ngaphezu kwemigqa kuze kube yilapho edluliselwa emavikini ayi-18 ubudala. Esigabeni sokukhulisa, kufakwa izitsha zokuphuza ama-nipple ngemuva kwengaphakathi lekheji ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inyoni ngayinye inokufinyelela okulula kwamanzi.
(5) Ukuzalela izinkukhu ezindlini zezinkukhu ezibekwe ndawonye
Ngemva kwamasonto ayi-18 ubudala, dlulisela ezindlini zezinkukhu ezibekwe ndawonye, sebenzisa uhlelo lokuphakelayo noma lokushayela kanye nemithombo yokuphuza izingono ukuze udale indawo enhle endlini yezinkukhu, ukuze ukusebenza kokukhiqiza amaqanda kanye nezici zemvelo zezinkukhu kufinyelele esimweni esifanele kakhulu.
(6) Ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda ngohlelo lokuqoqa amaqanda
Amapulazi amakhulu ezinkukhu ezizalelayo kufanele asebenzise uhlelo lokuqoqa amaqanda olusezingeni eliphezulu ukuze ahlangabezane nokuthembeka, ukusebenza okulula nokuthambile.
Uhlelo lokuqoqa amaqanda lufakwe umshini wokulinganisa amaqanda kanye nomshini wokupakisha. Amaqanda athunyelwa ekamelweni afakwe imishini yokulinganisa kanye nemishini yokupakisha. Amathileyi amaqanda alahlwayo kanye namabhokisi okupakisha kufanele asetshenziswe, futhi usuku lokukhiqiza kufanele luphawulwe, okungagcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamaqanda, kodwa futhi kusize ekuvimbeleni ubhubhane.
(7) Sebenzisa uhlelo lwamanzi okuphuza olufana ne-nipple ukuze unikeze amanzi
Ukuze izinkukhu ezizalelayo zikhule kahle, kufanele kuhlinzekwe ngamanzi amasha nahlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kusetshenziswe uhlelo lwamanzi oluthembekile, okumele lungabi nokungcola futhi kube lula ukuluphuza.
Uhlelo lokuphuza izingonoifaka uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi olunokuhlanza amanzi aphakathi noma ukunikezwa kwamanzi ohlangothini olulodwa: i-nipple; inkomba yezinga lamanzi enokuvikelwa okujikelezayo; ipuleti le-aluminium kanye nokumiswa.
Idivayisi yokulawula umthombo wamanzi ibaluleke kakhulu futhi ifakwe phakathi komthombo wamanzi nomthombo wokuphuza. Umfutho wamanzi ofanele ulawulwa yisilawuli sokucindezela. I-diverter iqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele kwe-doser kanye nesihlungi kuqinisekisa amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.
(8) Ukondla ngohlelo lokudla oluzenzakalelayo
① Umbhoshongo wezinto ezibonakalayo
Umbhoshongo wokudla uhlanganisa imibhoshongo yokugcina izinto yangaphakathi neyangaphandle. Umzimba wombhoshongo wenziwe ngepuleti lensimbi eliqinisiwe noma ipulasitiki eqinisiwe ngefayibha yengilazi. Ubukhulu bombhoshongo bunqunywa ukusetshenziswa kokudla kwansuku zonke kanye nesikhathi sokugcina esidingekayo.
② Uhlelo lokuthuthwa kokudla
Ama-auger, ama-auger, ama-hinge kanye nama-chain conveyor angakhethwa ukuthumela ukudla kusuka embhoshongweni kuya endlini yezinkukhu. Ukudla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyi-granules noma i-powder, kuthuthwa ngokuphephile kusuka embhoshongweni kuya endlini yezinkukhu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Njengamanje, kunemishini eminingi yokudla yohlobo lwe-chain kanye neyohlobo lokushayela.
2. Sebenzisa uhlelo lokuqoqa umquba wenkukhu ukususa umquba
Kukhona ibhande lokuhambisa umquba wenkukhu ngaphansi kwengqimba ngayinye yamakheji enkukhu. Umquba uwela ebhandeni lokuhambisa ngaphansi kwekheji. Umquba uwela emabhandeni okuhambisa ungqimba ngalunye uye ebhandeni lokuhambisa elihlangana nalo, bese ungathunyelwa ethangini lokugcina umquba noma ngenye ibhande lokuhambisa liya ngqo elolini. Umquba owomile usiza ekongeni izindleko nasekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwezokuthutha, futhi inzuzo enkulu ukuthi uyasiza ekuvikelwani kwemvelo.
3. Sebenzisa uhlelo lokulawula umoya oluzenzakalelayo lwendlu yenkukhu, izinga lokushisa kanye nokukhanya ukulawula indawo ezungezile endlini
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya elihle futhi elizinzile kanye nezimo zemvelo endlini yezinkukhu, kuyadingeka ukufaka imishini yokungenisa umoya, okuhlanganisa imishini yokungenisa umoya kanye neyokukhipha umoya, uhlelo lokulawula oluzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele lwemishini yokushisa kanye nohlelo lokuqala oluphuthumayo.
Umoya wokungenisa umoya endlini uhlanganisa umoya wokungenisa umoya ovundlile, umoya wokungenisa umoya oqondile kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya ezihlangene. Indlu enesistimu yokuphatha ikheji isebenza kahle nohlelo lokungenisa umoya oluhlangene. Uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle liphansi, uhlelo lokungenisa umoya lusebenza ngendlela evundlile ukuze lugcine izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lizinzile; uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle liphezulu, uhlelo lokungenisa umoya lusebenza ngendlela evundlile ukuze lunikeze umoya obandayo osheshayo osebenzisa amandla aphansi.
Uma uphefumula ngendlela evundlile, umoya omusha ungena ekamelweni ngokulinganayo ngezimbozo zokungenisa ezifakwe ezinhlangothini zombili zodonga, bese umoya wokukhipha umoya ukhishwa ngaphandle ngamafeni afakwe odongeni lwe-gable; uma uphefumula ngendlela evundlile, umoya uvalwa, bese umoya udonswa yi-channel air inlet ukuze ufinyelele isivinini somoya omkhulu. Isivinini somoya omkhulu sidonswa egumbini ngendlela evundlile, futhi umphumela wokupholisa ungathuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa ikhethini elimanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-22-2023
